effect of stress on students academic performance

CHAPTER TWO 2.0. LITERATURE REVIEW AND THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK 2.1 Literature Review This chapter reviews previous writings of recognised authorities and past research findings relating to research findings, the research problems of the study where reviewed by the researcher. Scholars, academia and works of other researchers were also reviewed in order to gain knowledge useful for the study and to avoid duplication of already done work on the study. The researcher reviewed a literature on the Effect of Stress on Student’s Academic Performance on Kogi State University Undergraduates†. The researcher also presents a theoretical approach relevant to the study and its implication. There are several†¦show more content†¦In terms of accuracy, it was Walter Cannon who actually developed the term stress in his work relating to the fright-or-flight response in 1932. Today, the term stress can be used in different ways and for different purposes. If someone says they are under stress we all know what they mean and in this sense we have come to view stress as a negative experience rather than being positive. Psychologists also distinguish between stress that is harmful (distress) and stress that is positive (eustress). In research terms stress now embraces biochemical, behavioural, physiological and psychological effects. Historically, both Walter Cannon (1929) and Hans Selye (1956) provided the foundation for the current interest in this physiological process. According to Cannon (1929), the body possesses an internal mechanism to maintain stable bodily functioning or equilibrium. As the environment presents the organism with various challenges, the body must respond to each new situation by adjusting various physiological systems to compensate for the resources being taxed. A classic example of this type of compensation involves fluid regulation. When an organism ingests a large amount of water, the kidney releases more waste fluid into the bladder for eventual disposal in an effort to maintain bodily equilibrium. Many of the feedback mechanisms that regulate blood pressure share similar characteristics with bodily systems that maintainShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Stress On Nursing Students Academic Performance And Health1250 Words   |  5 Pages nursing students also contend with problems associated with patients, educators, and the hospital environment during clinical practice. Thus, these aspects contribute to the stress related to being a nursing student (Karadag et al., 2008). Stress is a factor of key importance because it negatively affects nursing students academic performance and health (Rhead, 1995; Sheu et al., 1997). Consistently, studies report that nursing students self-esteem is negatively affected by stress during theRead MoreThe Effect Of Stress And Eating Habits On College Student Academic Performance2020 Words   |  9 PagesJudith Osiughwu Research and tech 4/15/2015 Abstract The purpose of my project is to see how stress and eating habits can affect college student academic performance, to determine the correlation between stress and eating habits,how it influence or affect college student academic performance. 25 participants were selected from Spring 2015 Kean University,Participants age ranges from 18-25. The majority of the participants were female, 16 female, 7 male, 16 female, and 1 participants did notRead MoreAnnotated Bibliography on Stress1762 Words   |  7 Pagesdefinitions of stress and how to cope with it, known as stress management. Stress affects health in a number of ways. It is defined by James (2011) as pressure or tension that comes in many shapes and forms and furthermore the body and mind in particular reacts psychologically and even emotionally. How Stress Affects Health This can affect how an individual feels, think and behave. Signs and symptoms can include sleeping problems, loss of appetite and difficulty concentrating. Stress can usually causeRead MoreThe Effect of Stress on Academic Performance Essay1306 Words   |  6 Pages Affect of Stress on Academic Performance: Affect of Stress on Academic Performance: A Review of Literature Stress among higher education students is increasing day by day. A lot of work and no sense of relieving students have a very bad effect on them. The effect of stress on academic performance of students is not very good. A lot of different pressures affect them heavily such as financial pressure, maintaining their good grades, completing their degree on time etc. In the articleRead MoreCollege Students and Stress1649 Words   |  7 PagesCollege and Stress There are numerous stress factors college students encounter while striving to complete their educational goals. Their grades may be affected by daily life situation stressors that accumulate throughout the semester. Students’ financial needs, lack of social support, family drama, and other various circumstances can all mount up to a tremendous amount of stress and may result in poor grades and lack of collected credits. In fact, stress continues to be a constant issue in people’sRead MoreA Research Proposal For Otago Polytechnic Essay1077 Words   |  5 Pagesinternational campus that is only for international students. This campus mainly offers career based courses which are Business, hospitality and NZ diplomas. We are performing a research in order to enrich the overall performance of international student in Auckland campus regarding their issues which they generally face in respect of accommodation, new culture, stress, communication, teaching methods, medical conditions that highly effect their academic performance. Research Question and Aims 2.1 ResearchRead MoreTeen Stress Effects1119 Words   |  5 PagesMany people experience stress daily, and the types of stress experienced can vary based on age. Teenage students can experience a lot of stress when it comes to school, work, and coming of age. With schools providing more opportunities to take advanced classes, students have an increase in the amount of stress and pressure placed on them. Students begin to show negative symptoms such as depression, anxiety and mood swings. Stress has many effects on teenagers including their physical, emotional andRead MoreThe Effects of Students Living Situation on Academic Performance969 Words   |  4 PagesBACKGROUND OF THE STUDY Academic performance is the evidence how well a student meets standards set out by local government and the institution itself.The extent of student’s learning in academics may be determined by the grades a student earns for a period of learning has been done. It is believed that a grade is a primary indicator of such learning. If a learner earns high grades it is concluded that they may also have learned a lot while low grades indicate lesser learning.   Going to collegeRead MoreHow Stress Affects Our Academic Performance Essay1511 Words   |  7 PagesStress is one of the most common problems that we all have to go through at some point of our lives. People experience stress in different places such as home, work, and school. Especially as a college student, we experience stress throughout the semester. Stress level rises as the time gets close to the final exams. So it’s important to know how stress could affect us mentally and physically. Moreover, how it could affect our academic performance. On the other hand, how stress could as well be beneficialRead MoreDepression And Anxiety Among College Students Essay1376 Words   |  6 Pagesamongst college students and most cannot manage the high demands and stress (Falsafi, 2016). Therefore, they feel more prone to depression and anxiety (Falsafi, 2016). According to the authors Miller Chung, mental health amongst college students in the United States is a growing public healt h concern and educators are concerned about the low academic performance of college students and how it influences their mental health (Miller, Chung, 2009). Research indicates that university students suffer with

Jordan the Country Essay - 1025 Words

Part 1: Jordan | | Jordan is a moderately small country that is located at the junction of the Levantine and Arabian areas of the Middle East. It is surrounded by the deserts of the Middle East. The Jordanian country is bordered with Saudi Arabia to the southeast, with Iraq to the east with Syria to the north and with the occupied West Bank and Israel to the west. However, Jordan, West Bank and Israel are sharing control of the Dead Sea. Although, Jordan’s only opening to the Red Sea, is through the Gulf of Aqaba, which is to the south. The only coastline that Jordan has is about 16 miles/26 kilometers in length and this is located on the Gulf of Aqaba. Jordan occupies an area of approximately 96,188 square kilometers/37.138394†¦show more content†¦The winter months start from November and end in April, this period of time can be very cold, especially in Amman, with snow, rain and winds, but there is little rainfall in the desert regions and in Aqaba, which makes a p leasant wintertime resort. Moreover, the Jordans agriculture suffered a severe drop after the 1967 Israeli occupation of the West Bank. This area contained almost half of the Jordanians agricultural land. Prior to the war with Israel, the West Bank produced about 25 percent of Jordans grain, 40 percent of its vegetables and 70 percent of its fruits. The proportion of the work force employed in agriculture took a server declined from 37 percent in 1965 to 7 percent in 1987. Just about 5 percent of Jordans remaining land is fit for the growing of crops and irrigation is often a crisis because the entire area is dependent on a rainfall. The major grain crops are wheat and barley, however these need to be seriously supplemented by overseas imports. A number of fruit crops are grown for export and these include olives, almonds, figs, grapes and apricots. The main vegetable plants are cucumber and tomatoes. In addition, the major livestock is the sheep, however, cattle, goats and poultry are also raised but not as much as sheep. On the other hand, Jordans economy also suffered a harsh setback with the loss of the West Bank in 1967. The West Bank was the nations richest, most productive area in Jordan. It contained roughly 50Show MoreRelatedHigh School Enrollment in the Country of Jordan1192 Words   |  5 PagesWhat would be the next step for Jordan after reaching a 99% of school enrollment (World Bank, 2014)? No matter what it decides to do, it has to take globalization and knowledge into account. Globalization is a foreseeable phenomenon in human history which has been bringing the world together through the exchange of goods and products, information, knowledge and culture (World Bank, 2013). Governments may decide to avoid it or accept it, but in either ways they cannot overlook the extensive impactRead MoreComparing Canada Economic System Of Canada1000 Words   |  4 Pages Comparing Canada Economic system to Jordan Muhannad hadi Forest heights Collegiate Institrute   Comparing Canada Economic system to Jordan 2 In this report you will know all about Canada and Jordan economic overview, natural resources where do they stand in the economic freedom rankings and what type of governmets they have and finally where Canada falls on the of spectrum economics systems. Economic Overview CanadaRead MoreLet s Make A Deal : Middle East Mosaic Essay1121 Words   |  5 Pages The case study opens with describing how the country of Jordan recently acquired trading rights with the United States and Europe because King Abdullah wished to reform to a democratic society and gain rights for its women. Thus the business ExportJordan was created so the women of Jordan could manufacture and export their products and utilize this new trade agreement. ExportJordan hired an American women named Anne Burns who would assist the Jordan women who wished to produce and export their productsRead MoreEssay about Geography: Customs, Culture and Government of Jordan1646 Words   |  7 Pages Introduction Jordan is located in the center of the Middle East and it shares borders with Syria, Iraq, Saudi Arabia, and Israel. It is also next to the Dead Sea and the Jordan River. Jordan has a terrain of about 35,475 square miles (Advameg, Inc., 2014). Jordan is unique because it has sand mountains and colorful rocks, plus it has barren deserts and fertile valleys. The main language of Jordan is Arabic but English is also taught and spoken. The capital of Jordan is Amman (Advameg, Inc., 2014)Read MoreThe Jordanian Healthcare System Essay1085 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction Jordan is an Arab country, situated in the Middle East, bordered by Syria, Saudi Arabia, Iraq and Israel. Located at the crossing point of a number of major highways which connect the Middle East, the country is strategically important, but also the destination for successive waves of immigrants. Jordan’s large immigrant population has created an significant and lasting impact upon the nature of the country’s health care system. History of Health Care in Jordan The Hashemite KingdomRead MoreWater Scarcity Of Water Pollution1215 Words   |  5 Pagesregion. Although the scarcity water is not a problem to every country, but many people around the world lack access to clean drinking water, as our climate changes, more attention is being given to environmental issues such as water scarcity. This problem has been present most especially in the Middle East for over ten years, which one of the countries is Jordan. These problems begin to increase rapidly, due to the population increase in Jordan and more consumer requirement, which requires large amountRead MoreEssay on Jordan Is a Land Loaded with History725 Words   |  3 PagesThesis: Jordan is a country with great complexity that includes location and geography, demography, communication, morale, laws and any other capabilities and habits as acquired by man and woman in the Jordanian society. The land is commonly known for its desert land but the history and the consideration therein when it comes to its people, society, culture, language and power and authority rests on its ancient and preserved sayings from Mohammed. I. Jordan is a land loaded with history.Read MoreDisarmament, Demobilization, And Reintegration Of Rebel Groups1729 Words   |  7 Pages26,000 have gone missing (Morris). Jordan recognizes that a significant portion of the homicides in Latin America stem from the actions of rebel groups and, as a firm supporter of peace, urges the international community to address the issue through Disarmament, Demobilization, and Reintegration (DDR). To do so, the global community must shape the effectiveness and improvement of DDR, as well as specific types of rebel groups such as gangs and drug cartels. Jordan believes that by addressing theseRead MoreEssay On Jordans Cultural Awareness1006 Words   |  5 PagesJordan’s Cultural Awareness For over decades and decades, we have seen catastrophic events dismantle countries. With a population of approximately seven million people with the average life expectancy of 72 years of age. These citizens’ and or aliens that are located within the country of Jordan, which lies within the continent of Asia, has endured a lot over the years. The Syrian war was a catastrophic event that would alter ones view of the country’s, political standpoint, economic eraRead MoreEssay on The Impact of Michael Jordan1016 Words   |  5 Pagestouch a basketball; he is Michael Jordan. Michael Jordan was born on February 17, 1963 in Brooklyn, New York. Jordans family moved to moved to Wilmington, North Carolina while he was young along with his three siblings. He attended Ogden Elementary School, and later Trask Junior High School. Jordan attended Emsley A. Laney High School, where he anchored his athletic career by playing baseball, football, and basketball (Michael Jordan Wikipedia). When jordan was twelve, he played with his local

Red Bull Marketing Analysis Free Essays

Red Bull is the leader of the energy drink market. This company created in 1984 by Dietrich Mateschitz performs an annual turnover of more than 3 billion Euros. As we will see in this report, polemics, nonconformist, genius marketing are, among others, the ingredients that made Red Bull the star product of Energy Drink Segment in the world. We will write a custom essay sample on Red Bull Marketing Analysis or any similar topic only for you Order Now For more than 20 years, Red Bull has managed to establish itself brilliantly in the world, which, despite the widespread economic gloom, has always taken a growing interest for this new drink. In this report, we will analyse Red Bull and the environment in which the company evolves, its target and positioning trough marketing tools. It will enable us to understand how Red Bull managed to reach its leader position and to think about some recommendations to further improve its strategy. Why did we choose Red Bull? Most of the people have one day see or heard about the brand Red Bull. Red Bull is an energy drink that comes from the adaptation of the Thai energy drink â€Å"Krating Daeng†, which means â€Å"Red Bull†. There are several reasons that explain why we choose Red Bull Company. The first reason of our choice results in a cultural factor. In fact Red Bull is a product that is targeting young customers. It means that, students are the most concerned by Red Bull so this is a product that can affect any of us. Besides it is a â€Å"trendy product† in others words a fashionable product: nowadays everyone has already tasted a Red Bull. The second reason that pushes us to choose Red Bull Company was because of their Marketing communication, which is revolutionary. Some observers say that Red Bull uses an â€Å"anti-brand† strategy. In fact, the company avoided usual methods of marketing, relying more on what is called ‘buzz marketing’ or word-of-mouth: â€Å"viral marketing†. A brand image was created and cultivated which associated the drink with youth culture and extreme and adventure-related sports, such as motor sports, mountain biking, snowboarding†¦ In addition, we also choose Red Bull because without Red Bull there would not even be a market for the other products currently crowding the shelves. Thus, sales of the drink grew quickly from the beginning and Red Bull dominates the world’s energy-drink market with a 40% market share. Finally, what influences our choice too, was because Red Bull even being the leader has to face on how to build on its incredible sales growth and about all, and has to face the health issues concerning the effects of drinking Red Bull. Executive Summary A thorough analysis of Red Bull concludes that the company was set up the Energy Drink Market thanks to its own product, Red Bull energy drink. In fact, without Red Bull there would not even be a market for the other products currently massing the shelves. Now Red Bull is energizing people around the globe, touching down in over a hundred countries worldwide. The Red Bull consumers can be divided into two segments: Students (and Clubbers) and workers. Each of them uses the Red Bull energy drinks to meet their personal needs. At the same time they can obtain physical edges, mental edges or just consumption for pleasure. The ambitions of Red Bull are: maintaining the top-brand status in the energy drink market and clearly distinguish themselves from their competitors, who are marketing almost the same product but with extremely low prices. Red Bull uses every ways of marketing to reach their target groups. Their marketing is mainly based on the â€Å"3 pillars of Red Bull: Sampling, Advertising and sponsoring†. In this way Red Bull is not just promoting their energy drink but is also selling a lifestyle, seemingly people are willing to be a part of this Red Bull extreme sports lifestyle. Due to these extensive marketing efforts Red Bull obtained, and still is maintaining, the largest market share (70%) in the energy drinks market. As initiator of the energy drinks market, Red Bull holds a truly unique product. However the competition is high. Their main objectives are: maintain the lead and expand the market to Asia and Western Europe. To achieve these objectives they can create new products â€Å"Black Red Bull† and focus on new target group such as the younger’s (13-15) and the older (35-50). Company Presentation Dietrich Mateschitz founded the company Red Bull GmbH in 1984. GmbH is the German equivalent of a limited liability company; it stands for ‘Gesellshaft mit beschrankter Haftung’. The company’s origins, though, lie in the owner’s time spent in Asia. He came across products known as ‘tonic drinks’ and saw the chance to market functional drinks outside Asia. One of these tonics, which came from Thailand and was used by workers to stay awake during their shifts, was called Krating Daeng or ‘Red Bull’. Mateschitz approached the manufacturers of the drink and bought the foreign licensing rights in exchange for a 51% stake in his company. When Mateschitz launched the drink in his native Austria, he decided to target young professionals, rather than factory workers, as this younger segment of the population was more affluent and more appreciative of a trendy marketing campaign. The Austrian market has been the first to commercialize the blue and red can with its famous slogan â€Å"It gives you wings†. Today, Red bull company has a turnover of 3 billion euro a year which increased of 7,9% in 2008. The drink is present in 160 countries in the world and it’s the third soda drunk in Europe just behind Pepsi and Coca. Red Bull operates within the energy drinks sector of the soft drinks market. This product is an example of a ‘functional’ drink. Functional foods respond to consumer interest in well being and performance. The major multinational soft drinks companies are investing in the area of functional drinks, developing their own brands and buying up existing ones. This is seen as being important, given that their traditional soft drinks markets are at the maturity stage in many countries. For these multinationals, new functional drinks offer opportunities for renewed business growth. Nevertheless, the product was forbidden in some European countries because of the taurine effects and a high rate of caffeine with the European precaution law. But for a few years, mentality evolves and countries are more open-minded and could commercialise this product. In 2010, Red bull is present in 25 European countries but not yet in Denmark for health safety as the Canada. This drink is supposed to give energy to the costumer thanks to a mixture of different ingredients (caffeine, guarana, taurine). The main target is the teenagers and young adults (16-35 years old). We can observe that, it would be pertinent to target teenagers in order to appeal more consumers of energy drink. This drink is sold four times more expensive than others drinks; today it’s  £ 1,60. We can find this product in shops but also in nightclubs. Red Bull has an aggressive international marketing campaign. The numerous sponsored activities range from extreme sports like windsurfing, snowboarding, skateboarding, kayaking, wake boarding, cliff diving, surfing, skating, freestyle motocross, rally, Formula 1 racing (World Champion 2010), and break dancing to art shows, music, and video games. In keeping with their target market of young males, Red Bull has also enlisted help from celebrities, such as Eminem that would appeal to this group (sponsoring the Red Bull â€Å"Em See Battle Rap championships†). It also hosts events like the Red Bull Flugtag and other such contests. Red Bull also sponsors soccer teams, with clubs in Austria, Germany, The United States and Brazil featuring the Red Bull trademark in their names. By associating the drink’s image with these activities, the company seeks to promote a â€Å"cool† public image and raise brand power. In addition, the slender container is used to suggest a â€Å"sexier† image than some other cola counterparts. The Red Bull brand is associated with a designer image, energy-giving properties and glamorous lifestyles. These brand qualities have been developed through company sponsorship of sporting activities such as: motorsports, winter sports, base jumping, mountain biking; and cultural events such as the Red Bull Music Academy. How to cite Red Bull Marketing Analysis, Essay examples

Professional Ethics & Regulation Corporate Social Responsibility

Question: Describe about the Professional Ethics Regulation for Corporate Social Responsibility. Answer: Introduction The purpose of this report is to evaluate the importance of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) in banking sector. According to the given scenario, the newly recruited non-executive directors are provided with an opportunity to share their views with the existing non-executive directors. In this meeting, the non-executive directors have raised concern regarding the banks corporate social responsibilities. According to them, the company is not capitalizing the corporate social activities for commercial benefits and therefore, the CEO has raised further concern to the matter. In this report, the importance of corporate social responsibilities and correspondent ethical guideline for the same has been emphasized. Nowadays, CSR is a tool of branding strategy making. Through this process, an organization can influence the stakeholders to improve their perceived value for the company (Rupp et al. 2015). However, overstating the CSR activities would affect business operation of an organization. According to the case study, Nantporth Bank plc has implemented efficient activities in order to conduct CSR; however, the entire cost has been incorporate in marketing budget. Eventually, the bank is not using the CSR activities as a differentiator tool. Moreover, some of the Banks activities are conflicting with the ethical guideline. For example, the bank has decided to move forward to online banking, which may cause 1000 redundancies. Therefore, it would be difficult to reconcile corporate social responsibilities and organizational ethics. This report will elaborate the need of ethical policies in order to deal with ethical dilemma. Use of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) In banking sector, the companies are responsible for facilitate the stakeholders including the society the company serves. Therefore, it is highly important to implement efficient strategies in order to provide advantage to the society and other stakeholders as well. The corporate social activities can be used as a marketing tool through which the company will be able to influence the stakeholders in a positive manner (Schrempf-Stirling, Palazzo and Phillips 2015). In order to use CSR as strategic position making tool, an organization should not overstate the corporate activities. Overstating the corporate social responsibilities would affect the brand image of the company. The overall cost of corporate social responsibility should be included in marketing budget (Vitell 2015). It helps the company to measure the effectiveness of the social activities through measuring the profitability. Strategic Positioning The term strategic positioning refers to the process of ensuring good position of the company in future environment. In case of Nantporth Bank plc, the company has decided to move forward into online banking, which may cause 1000 redundancy. Therefore, it would hamper CSR policy of the company, because through this movement, the company would not be able to provide advantages to its employees (Prez and Bosque 2015). The company should ensure that the employees are getting sufficient benefits as well as the community is being facilitated with good service. Formal policies on corporate social responsibilities and ethics would help an organization to reconcile social activities and strategic movement (Sun et al. 2015). The policies would help the company to ensure sustainability in changing environment. The company can promote the corporate social activities among the stakeholders in order to influence perception of the stakeholders positively. However, the company should not overstate the activities in order to maintain ethical guideline (Harjoto, Laksmana and Lee 2015). Therefore, it is important to implement ethical policies along with corporate social guideline. A sustainable CSR policy and ethical guideline would help the company to ensure that the company would be able to create strong brand image with changing environment. Differentiator In order to differentiate the company among others, it is important to facilitate the society along with other stakeholders with ethical guidelines. An organization should conduct ethical business in order to use CSR as a differentiator tool. There are several companies have participated in CSR activities; however, the practice of following ethical guideline is to less. The companies are publishing fabricated CSR activities in order to attract the stakeholders (Das, Dixon and Michael 2015). Such practices are unethical and therefore, the company should ensure appropriate discloser of CSR activities along with strong ethical guideline. In such manner, it would be possible for Nantporth Bank plc to differentiate the company among the competitors. A formal policy of corporate social responsibility helps an organization to give stakeholders the opportunity of sustainability. Implementing efficient policies for corporate social responsibility would help the company to introduce new bankin g schemes for the needful consumers (Jamali and Karam 2016). The involvement in social responsibilities would influence consumers perception about the company positively. Therefore, the investors and shareholders will rely on the business model of the company in long-term basis. Therefore, it can be said that a formal policy of corporate social responsibility would help the company to differentiate the brand from the competitors in market. Advantages of the policy The policies for corporate social responsibility and ethics can help an organization to increase customer retention (Saeidi et al. 2015). On the other hand, these policies help to develop strong relationship with the investors, customers and other networks with which the bank operates. Moreover, which such strategies, the company will be able to increase employee retention. Following are the advantages of CSR and ethics policies. Increasing customer retention Increasing employee retention Increase transparency with the stakeholders Improving organizational brand image and consumers perception The policies may bring advantages for the company from different aspects such as employee retention, customer retention, good brand image and sustainable business opportunity. Through an efficient policy of CSR and ethics would help the company to attract stakeholders like customers and investors. Showing regard to the existing employees would help the company to increase employee retention (Bartov and Yan 2015). On the other hand, a strong CSR policy would help the consumers to get viable information about the services. In order to differentiate the company among the competitors, the company should promote their activities among the stakeholders. Moreover, the company should comply with the GRI guideline while publishing the social activities through sustainable report. The internal policies have wide impact on the sustainability of the company (Ioannou and Serafeim 2015). However, it is important to comply with the regulations of external governance in order to promote CSR. Overall , the policies would help the company to build strong brand image through which the company would be able to capitalize on their social activities (Shen et al. 2016). The company has been associated with different social activities; however, it is important to involve in aggressive promotion of such activities in order to achieve organizational goals and activities. Scope of CSR policy The policy has been implemented by the company focuses on improving corporate social responsibilities along with the ethical guideline. However, the company is not capitalizing the CSR activities as strategic positioning tool. The policies with CSR and ethics would help the company to satisfy both internal and external stakeholders in an efficient manner (Rao and Tilt 2015). Moreover, the policies would help the company to ensure future development along with stakeholders advantages. Promoting the corporate social responsibilities among the stakeholders would help the company to maintain transparent communication (Shen et al. 2016). Therefore, it can be said that this kind of policy would give opportunity to the company in order to conduct sustainable business in global market. A formal policy of corporate social responsibility would help in over commitment of social activities. However, it is also important to incorporate ethical guideline in order to ensure that both internal and e xternal stakeholders are being facilitated. An ethical guideline would help the management to ensure that employees are given with appropriate recognition and regard. In this case, the concern stakeholders will be the employees. The company should not take any strategic movement through which the society would be facilitated, but the employees will be deprived. Incorporating ethical guideline would help the company to satisfy both society and their stakeholders in an efficient manner. When it comes to the policy improvement, it is highly important to incorporate ethical guideline to the corporate social responsibilities. It would help to maintain ethical business operations (Kili, Kuzey and Uyar 2015). The bank already has conducted certain activities in order to conduct sustainable business. However, the current decision of incorporating online banking would affect employee relations. Therefore, the company should implement policies in order to change job responsibilities of the existing employees rather than accepting redundancies. This policy would help the company to increase employee retention as well as to develop strong brand image of the company (Zhu, Liu and Lai 2016). Implementation of such strategy would help the company to ensure the stakeholders are being facilitated with efficient ethical guidelines. In order to conduct social responsibilities, the company should improve the technological aspects as per environmental change (Rao and Tilt 2015). Nowad ays, it is important to introduce online banking facilities in order to improve banking service for the consumers. However, digitalization of service would reduce need of workforce in banking sector (Alamer et al. 2015). Therefore, the formal policy may improve the facilities for the external stakeholders, but it would affect wellbeing of the internal stakeholders as well. Therefore, ethical guidelines should be incorporated through which the company would be able to ensure that ethical procedures are being followed. The policy should further include aggressive promotion of social activities among the stakeholders. In this manner, the company would be able to capitalize on the corporate social activities in an efficient manner (Fatemi, Fooladi and Tehranian 2015). The primary aim of the company is to increase profitability. Therefore, the company should implement such policy in which they can publish their social activities fairly through the sustainable report. This policy would help the company to ensure that the company is not entertaining unethical practices. Publishing over commitment through sustainable report would affect business operation of the company negatively (Dam and Scholtens 2015). Therefore, it can be said that incorporating such policy would help to improve the business operation and sustainability in future environment. Risk of incorporating CSR policy The incorporation of ethical policies may influence some risk factors. In this policy, the bank needs to reconcile strong corporate social responsibility and ethical message. For instance, the company should prevent redundancies while implementing online services to the consumers. The incorporation of ethical policies would increase organizational cost and reduce profitability. In order to serve the social community, the company should introduce online banking facilities (Zhu, Liu and Lai 2016). It will reduce the need of traditional branch operation. It can be described as a corporate social responsibility, because it would facilitate the social community and the consumers to overcome accessibility issues. On the other hand, the incorporation of online banking and reduce traditional branch operation has wide impact on employees responsibilities (Ferdous and Moniruzzaman 2015). The traditional banking procedures will be affected and therefore, redundancy rate will go high. In such si tuation, the bank will not be able to reconcile both corporate social activities and ethical message. Implementing this policy will tend the company to restructure job responsibilities of the existing employees in accordance with the environmental requirements. For example, the company should train the employees to cope up with newly implemented technologies. In that case, the company should communicate with the employees in an appropriate manner. The responsibility delegation plays major role in this aspect. Here, the company may face difficulties while delegating responsibilities to the employees (de Bakker 2016). Technological improvement may hamper work process of the existing employees. On the other hand, low acceptance rate of change among the employees can be a major issue. The employees may have poor knowledge in technology, which prevent the company to implement such policies. In this case, the company should provide training to the employees in order to improve their performance in accordance with the changing environment. However, it would increase organizational cost, whi ch will reduce overall profitability. The primary aim of the company is to increase organizational profitability (Alamer et al. 2015). However, the implemented policy would prevent the company from increasing the profitability. Therefore, it can be said that the most conflicting situation would be increasing profitability along with ethical guidelines. According to the ethical principles, the company should show high regards to their employees along with the social community. Therefore, the company should implement strategies in order to reduce employee turnover during change. In the given scenario, the company would like to facilitate the consumers. However, it has diverse impact on the existing employees. The company should facilitate all level of stakeholders with efficient policies of corporate social responsibilities. However, the incorporation of ethical policies along with corporate social policies would prevent the company from facilitating both internal and external stakeholders (Ioannou and Serafeim 2015). On the other hand, facilitating both the stakeholders would prevent the company from maintaining the profitability, which is the primary goal of the company. Therefore, it can be said that incorporating ethical policies would create conflict situation for the bank and therefore, it will be difficult for the company to achieve organizational goals and objectives. The threat related to the asset management subsidiaries: As mentioned by Bartov and Yan (2015) the CSR activities largely supports the actions or policies that contribute to the community development requirements. Hence, the organizations need to proactively refuse the actions or policies those are detrimental to the wellbeing of the communities. However, as opined by Ioannou and Serafeim (2015) such ethical decisions often strikes the organizations negatively, as it poses a threat to the financial viability of the companies. In the banking sector, it can become a threat to the organizations. As mentioned by Ferdous and Moniruzzaman (2015) in the major objectives of the financial organizations is to collect profit. With a number of diversified services the banks collects a substantial amount of profit. In the case of Nantporth Bank plc, the company has the subsidiary that offers mutual funds and money management services. The major source of profit is the companies those operate n the sectors like alcoholic drinks, tobacco companies and the companies in the extraction industry (mainly mining). Now, the essence of the CSR policy creates a strategic dilemma for the bank. As mentioned by Ioannou and Serafeim (2015) within the framework of the CSR policies the company needs to reject the strategy that creates harm to the community even with the promise of high profit. Moreover, the companies operating in the mining sector are creating environmental threat which is being indirectly encouraged by the Nantporth Bank plc. In such a context, the company can opt for the following strategies: Investing on the community programs against substance abuse: As the company cannot opt for rejecting its service to its star performers, it can invest on the projects those are directed to the cause of eliminating substance abuse or helping the victims of it. Charging a bit extra interest to those companies: This strategy can decrease the level of customer demand in this sector. Hence, the bank can opt for make a discussion with those customers and ensure that their contribution will be highlighted in the marketing and CSR strategy of the bank. Thus, by alluring them for positive brand image, the bank can opt for CSR which will not harm its business. Investing on the projects for environmental development: As mentioned by Ferdous and Moniruzzaman (2015) a number of excavation or mining companies opt for this strategy of investing in the environmental development or community development projects. Here, the example of British petroleum can be cited. Hence, it would be successful CSR project for Nantporth Bank plc. Moreover, the company can opt for investing on the health or livelihood projects of the people of those communities within which its customer is operating. Here, the company can also share the CSR investments of those companies. The threat related to the consumer finance subsidiaries: On the other hand, in the case of the consumer finance subsidiary, the company has to opt for high interest rates and aggressive debt recovery policies for operational success. As mentioned by Dam and Scholtens (2015) operation in the high risk market compels the banks to opt for the strategies like high interest rate and strict debt recovery policies. However, it essentially creates an ethical dilemma for the banks. As mentioned by Bartov and Yan (2015) the axiom of CSR advocates a policy that provides an ethical and humanitarian ground. Hence, the policy of high interest rate and strict debt recovery strategy puts a threat to the CSR guidelines of the company. In such a context, the company can opt for the following recommendations: A thorough investigation and opting for mortgage: As mentioned by Dam and Scholtens (2015) most of the banks in financial industry follows the strategy of careful lending to the debtors with a thorough investigation about the potentiality of the customer for the debt recovery. Hence, the Nantporth Bank plc. can follow this same strategy with a call for mortgage. The bank needs to align this policy to the national financial guidelines to eliminate any legal threat. It will decrease the threat of recovery failure. Increasing the EMI timeframe: As the company cannot decrease the interest rate, it can provide the opportunity of increased timeframe for credit return. It will support the high interest rate policy with an empathic ground. Thus, the company can eliminate threat related to the CSR policies on its business subsidiaries. Conclusion and Recommendations While concluding, it can be said that corporate social responsibilities has wide impact on strategic positioning. Effective set of policies in corporate social responsibilities would help the company to improve brand image. On the other hand, the incorporation of ethical guideline would help the company to satisfy both internal and external stakeholders of the bank. In the given scenario, the company has planned to introduce online banking facilities, which may facilitate the customers. However, this strategy has diverse impact on the employees. In such situation, ethical dilemma may appear and therefore, it is important to implement efficient set of ethical guideline. It would help the company to show regards towards the employees while conducting social responsibilities. In order to mitigate the risk factors of the ethical policies, the company should communicate with the stakeholders in a proper manner. The company should share their vision with the internal stakeholders before implementing any change. Apart from that, the company should maintain with the GRI guideline while publishing the corporate social responsibilities through sustainability report. In order to reconcile with the corporate social responsibilities and ethics, the company should provide adequate training to the employees. In this case, the employees will be unable to cope up with the new technology. Moreover, the job responsibilities of the employees will be changes. In such situation, employees may refuse to accept the change. Therefore, the company should build strong communication with the employees in order to restructure responsibilities of the existing employees. The company should not overstate the social responsibilities while publishing it through sustainability report. The practice of over commitment would prevent the company from building strong brand image in competitive market. In order to differentiate the brand among competitors, the company should promote the social activities among the stakeholders. It would help the company to capitalize on the social activities in an efficient manner. On the other hand, the company should maintain ethical practices while participating in social activities. Reference list Alamer, A.R.A., Salamon, H.B., Qureshi, M.I. and Rasli, A.M., 2015. CSR's Measuring Corporate Social Responsibility Practice in Islamic Banking: A Review.International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues,5(1S) Bartov, E. and Yan, L., 2015. Corporate Social Responsibility and the Market Pricing of Corporate Earnings.Hobart, Australia: Accounting Finance Association of Australia and New Zealand Dam, L. and Scholtens, B., 2015. Toward a theory of responsible investing: On the economic foundations of corporate social responsibility.Resource and Energy Economics,41, pp.103-121 Das, S., Dixon, R. and Michael, A., 2015. Corporate social responsibility reporting: a longitudinal study of listed banking companies in Bangladesh.World Review of Business Research,5(1), pp.130-154 de Bakker, F., 2016.Managing corporate social responsibility in action: talking, doing and measuring. CRC Press Fatemi, A., Fooladi, I. and Tehranian, H., 2015. Valuation effects of corporate social responsibility.Journal of Banking Finance,59, pp.182-192 Ferdous, M. and Moniruzzaman, M., 2015. An empirical evidence of corporate social responsibility by banking sector based on Bangladesh.Asian Business Review,3(4), pp.82-87 Harjoto, M., Laksmana, I. and Lee, R., 2015. Board diversity and corporate social responsibility.Journal of Business Ethics,132(4), pp.641-660 Ioannou, I. and Serafeim, G., 2015. The impact of corporate social responsibility on investment recommendations: Analysts' perceptions and shifting institutional logics.Strategic Management Journal,36(7), pp.1053-1081 Jamali, D. and Karam, C., 2016. Corporate Social Responsibility in Developing Countries as an Emerging Field of Study.International Journal of Management Reviews Kili, M., Kuzey, C. and Uyar, A., 2015. The impact of ownership and board structure on Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) reporting in the Turkish banking industry.Corporate Governance,15(3), pp.357-374 Prez, A. and Bosque, I.R., 2015. How customer support for corporate social responsibility influences the image of companies: Evidence from the banking industry.Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management,22(3), pp.155-168 Rao, K. and Tilt, C., 2015. Board composition and corporate social responsibility: The role of diversity, gender, strategy and decision making.Journal of Business Ethics, pp.1-21 Rupp, D.E., Wright, P.M., Aryee, S. and Luo, Y., 2015. Organizational justice, behavioral ethics, and corporate social responsibility: Finally the three shall merge.Management and Organization Review,11(01), pp.15-24 Saeidi, S.P., Sofian, S., Saeidi, P., Saeidi, S.P. and Saaeidi, S.A., 2015. How does corporate social responsibility contribute to firm financial performance? The mediating role of competitive advantage, reputation, and customer satisfaction.Journal of Business Research,68(2), pp.341-350 Schrempf-Stirling, J., Palazzo, G. and Phillips, R., 2015. Historic corporate social responsibility.Academy of Management Review, pp.amr-2014 Shen, C.H., Wu, M.W., Chen, T.H. and Fang, H., 2016. To engage or not to engage in corporate social responsibility: Empirical evidence from global banking sector. Economic Modelling, 55, pp.207-225 Sun, J., Wang, F., Wang, F. and Yin, H., 2015. Community Institutions and Initial Diffusion of Corporate Social Responsibility Practices in China's Banking Industry.Management and Organization Review,11(03), pp.441-468 Vitell, S.J., 2015. A case for consumer social responsibility (CnSR): Including a selected review of consumer ethics/social responsibility research.Journal of Business Ethics,130(4), pp.767-774 Zhu, Q., Liu, J. and Lai, K.H., 2016. Corporate social responsibility practices and performance improvement among Chinese national state-owned enterprises.International Journal of Production Economics,171, pp.417-426